| 0 | 2,6-dichlorobenzamide | 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide, also known as BAM or 2,6-DCBA, is a degradation product of plant protection products, particularly dichlobenil. It can also be formed from fluopicolide. Dichlobenil was used, amongst other things, for weed control and is no longer authorised in Germany. | Regarding previous applications of plant protection products. The substance can be leached from the soil and enter the groundwater. As it is relatively mobile and persistent, it may still be detectable years after application. | 2,6-dichlorobenzamide is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active substance in pesticides. Nevertheless, its presence in drinking water is undesirable, as it indicates past pesticide inputs and the presence of persistent trace substances in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, type of carbon and contact time; however, its effectiveness with polar metabolites cannot always be reliably predicted. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to 2,6-dichlorobenzamide. As it is considered an irrelevant metabolite, it is assessed using health-based guidance values. LAWA documents specify a GOW of 3.0 µg/l for 2,6-dichlorobenzamide. |
| 1 | Aclonifen | | | | | False | |
| 2 | Amidosulfuron | | | | | False | |
| 3 | AMPA | AMPA stands for aminomethylphosphonic acid. It is primarily known as a breakdown product of glyphosate, but can also originate from other substances containing phosphonates, such as certain additives in cleaning products or detergents. | In particular, through agriculture, the breakdown of glyphosate, surface runoff, soil, sewage treatment works, wastewater and contaminated surface waters. AMPA can be relatively stable and can therefore be detected in water bodies. | AMPA serves no purpose in drinking water. It is generally not regarded as a conventional active substance, but rather as a metabolite or degradation product. The main issue is that it may indicate inputs from plant protection products or other anthropogenic sources and, as a persistent trace substance, is relevant to the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved trace substances.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the type of activated carbon, contact time and water chemistry, but this cannot always be reliably predicted. | | In Germany, AMPA is generally classified as an irrelevant metabolite. For relevant pesticide metabolites, the drinking water limit is 0.1 µg/l, and for total pesticides it is 0.5 µg/l. According to the regulatory information found, there is no standard drinking water limit for AMPA itself, as there is for relevant metabolites; it is instead treated in terms of assessment or guidance values. |
| 4 | Atrazine | | | | | False | |
| 5 | Atrazine-2-hydroxy | | | | | False | |
| 6 | Atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl | | | | | False | |
| 7 | Azoxystrobin | | | | | False | |
| 8 | Beflubutamide | | | | | False | |
| 9 | Bentazon | | | | | False | |
| 10 | Bixafen | | | | | False | |
| 11 | Boscalid | | | | | False | |
| 12 | Bromacil | | | | | False | |
| 13 | Bromoxynil | | | | | False | |
| 14 | Carbendazim | | | | | False | |
| 15 | Carbetamide | | | | | False | |
| 16 | Chloridazon | | | | | | |
| 17 | Chloridazon-desphenyl | Desphenyl-chloridazon, also known as chloridazon metabolite B, is a degradation product of the herbicide chloridazon. Chloridazon was used primarily in sugar beet cultivation. The active ingredient was broken down relatively quickly in the soil into desphenyl-chloridazon and methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon. | Via agricultural land. The substance is highly polar and mobile and can therefore enter the groundwater via seepage water. In Germany, desphenyl chloride azone is one of the most frequently detected, non-relevant pesticide metabolites in groundwater. | It is regarded as an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, its presence in drinking water is undesirable because it indicates agricultural run-off and, as a persistent trace substance, may be found in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, type of carbon and contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for highly polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to chloridazon-desphenyl. For metabolites that are not of concern, health-based guidance values are used; a guidance value of 3 µg/l is specified for desphenyl-chloridazon. |
| 18 | Chloridazon-methyl-desphenyl | Chloridazon-methyl-desphenyl, also known as methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon, is a degradation product of the herbicide chloridazon. Chloridazon was used primarily in sugar beet cultivation. The active substance has not been authorised in the EU since 2018, but its metabolites may still be detectable in groundwater. | On agricultural land. Following the application of chloridazon, degradation products are formed which are relatively mobile and can migrate into the groundwater. Desphenyl-chloridazon and methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon are among the plant protection product metabolites most frequently detected in groundwater in Germany. | It is regarded as an irrelevant metabolite. This means that, whilst it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides, it is nevertheless undesirable because it indicates agricultural inputs and persistent trace substances in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for highly polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. For chloridazon-desphenyl and methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon, a health-based guideline value of 3 µg/l is specified. |
| 19 | Chlorthalonil sulphonic acid (R 417888/M12) | Chlorthalonil sulphonic acid R 417888 / M12 is a degradation product of the fungicide chlorthalonil. Chlorthalonil was used as a broad-spectrum fungicide against fungal infections in agriculture; its EU authorisation expired at the beginning of 2020 and was not renewed. | On agricultural land. Chlorothalonil breaks down in the soil and the environment; this process produces mobile metabolites such as R 417888 / M12, which can enter the groundwater via leachate. | In Germany, the substance is classified as an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, it is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates past agricultural inputs and, as a persistent, mobile trace substance, may occur in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, type of carbon and contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for highly mobile or polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. A health-based guideline value (GOW) of 3 µg/l has been set for the chlorothalonil metabolites R 471811 and R 417888. |
| 20 | Chlortoluron | | | | | | |
| 21 | Clodinafop-propargyl | | | | | | |
| 22 | Clomazone | | | | | | |
| 23 | Clopyralid | | | | | | |
| 24 | Clothianidin | | | | | | |
| 25 | Cyflufenamide | | | | | | |
| 26 | Desethylatrazine | | | | | | |
| 27 | Desethylterbuthylazine | | | | | False | |
| 28 | Desisopropylatrazine | | | | | False | |
| 29 | Dicamba | | | | | | |
| 30 | Dichlorprop (2,4-DP) | | | | | False | |
| 31 | Difenoconazole | | | | | False | |
| 32 | Diflufenican | | | | | False | |
| 33 | Dimefuron | | | | | False | |
| 34 | Dimethachlor | | | | | False | |
| 35 | Dimethachloric acid metabolite (CGA 50266) | CGA 50266 is a degradation product of the plant protection product dimethachlor. Dimethachlor is a herbicide that has been, and continues to be, used primarily in arable farming, including on rapeseed. CGA 50266 is also known as dimethachlor carboxylic acid / dimethachloroacetic acid. | On agricultural land. The active substance breaks down in the soil, producing mobile metabolites which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. | CGA 50266 is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, its presence in drinking water is undesirable, as it indicates agricultural inputs and persistent trace substances in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to CGA 50266. For non-relevant metabolites, health-based guidance values are used. For dimethachloroacetic acid CGA 50266, a health guideline value of 3.0 µg/l is specified. |
| 36 | Dimethachlor sulphonic acid metabolite (CGA 354742) | CGA 354742 is a degradation product of the plant protection product dimethachlor. It is also known as dimethachlor sulphonic acid or dimethachlor ESA. Dimethachlor is a herbicide that is, or was, used primarily in arable farming, for example on rapeseed. | On agricultural land. Dimethachlor breaks down in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as CGA 354742, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. | CGA 354742 is considered a non-relevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active substance in pesticides. Nevertheless, its presence in drinking water is undesirable, as it indicates agricultural inputs and persistent trace substances in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to CGA 354742. In LAWA documents, CGA 354742 is listed as an irrelevant metabolite; a health-based guideline value of 3.0 µg/l is specified there. |
| 37 | Dimethenamid | | | | | False | |
| 38 | Dimethoate | | | | | False | |
| 39 | Dimethomorph | | | | | False | |
| 40 | Dimoxystrobin | | | | | False | |
| 41 | Diuron | | | | | False | |
| 42 | Epoxiconazole | | | | | False | |
| 43 | Ethidimuron | | | | | False | |
| 44 | Ethofumesate | | | | | False | |
| 45 | Glyphosate | Glyphosate is a herbicide, i.e. a weedkiller. It is used in agriculture and, to some extent, in non-agricultural contexts. In drinking water, glyphosate is an undesirable active ingredient in plant protection products. | Mainly through agricultural use, run-off from land, soil deposition, surface water, seepage water and contaminated groundwater. The main degradation product is AMPA. | Glyphosate serves no purpose in drinking water. The main concern is that it indicates the presence of pesticide residues and may occur as a trace substance in the water cycle. The assessment of glyphosate has been the subject of heated debate for years; consequently, the strict precautionary limit for plant protection products applies to drinking water. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticides and trace substances.
Activated carbon: can reduce glyphosate depending on the type of activated carbon, contact time and water chemistry, but this cannot always be predicted with certainty. | True | For glyphosate as an individual active substance in plant protection products, the drinking water limit is 0.00010 mg/l, i.e. 0.1 µg/l. For the total of plant protection products, the limit is 0.5 µg/l. |
| 46 | Isopyrazam | | | | | False | |
| 47 | Metazachloroic acid (BH479-4) | Metazachloric acid, also known as metazachlor-OA, metazachlor carboxylic acid or BH479-4, is a degradation product of the plant protection product metazachlor. Metazachlor is a herbicide used primarily in arable farming, particularly on rapeseed crops. | On agricultural land. Metazachlor breaks down in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as BH479-4, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. | BH479-4 is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, the substance is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates agricultural run-off and can persist in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. For metazachlonic acid BH479-4, a health-based guideline value or assessment value of 3.0 µg/l is specified. |
| 48 | Metazachlor sulphonic acid (BH479-8) | Metazachlor sulphonic acid, also known as metazachlor-ESA or BH479-8, is a degradation product of the herbicide metazachlor. Metazachlor is, or was, used primarily in arable farming, particularly on rapeseed crops. BH479-8 is one of the main metabolites of metazachlor. | Across agricultural land. Metazachlor breaks down in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as BH479-8, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. The LAWA describes metazachlor sulphonic acid as a metabolite with very high mobility in the soil, which is relatively frequently analysed for and detected in groundwater. | BH479-8 is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active substance in pesticides. Nevertheless, the substance is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates agricultural inputs and can persist and be mobile within the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. For metazachlor sulphonic acid / BH479-8, a health-based guideline value of 3.0 µg/l is specified. |
| 49 | N.N.-dimethylsulphamide (DMS) | N,N-dimethylsulphamide, or DMS for short, is a breakdown product of the fungicide tolylfluanid. Tolylfluanid was used, amongst other things, in fruit growing and viticulture. DMS is considered an irrelevant metabolite of a plant protection product. | On past agricultural uses of tolylfluanid. The active substance breaks down in the soil; in the process, DMS may be produced and enter the groundwater via seepage water. Due to its mobility, it may still be detectable in raw water and drinking water even years later. | DMS itself is considered a metabolite of no toxicological significance, but is nevertheless undesirable in drinking water. It is particularly important to note that, during the treatment of drinking water with ozone, DMS can give rise to the carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). For this reason, DMS is of particular relevance in terms of water hygiene. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, type of carbon and contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to DMS. As DMS is classified as an irrelevant metabolite, it is assessed using health-based guidance values. A guidance value of 1.0 µg/l is specified for DMS. |
| 50 | S-metolachloric acid (CGA 351916/51202) | S-metolachlor acid, also known as metolachlor-OA, metolachlor carboxylic acid or CGA 351916 / CGA 51202, is a degradation product of the herbicide S-metolachlor. S-metolachlor was used in agriculture for weed control, including on maize, beet, sunflowers and other crops. | Across agricultural land. The active substance is degraded in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as CGA 351916 and CGA 51202, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. According to LAWA, metolachlor carboxylic acid is one of the metabolites that is frequently analysed for and detected. | The substance is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, it is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates agricultural inputs and, as a mobile trace substance, may occur in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. For S-metolachlor acid CGA 351916 / CGA 51202, a health-based guideline value of 3.0 µg/l is specified. |
| 51 | S-metolachlor sulphonic acid (CGA 380168/354743) | S-metolachlor sulphonic acid, also known as metolachlor-ESA, is a degradation product of the herbicide S-metolachlor. S-metolachlor has been, and continues to be, used in agriculture for weed control, including on maize, beet, sunflowers and other crops. | On agricultural land. The active substance is degraded in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as CGA 380168 / CGA 354743, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. The LAWA describes metolachlor sulphonic acid as a metabolite frequently detected in groundwater. | The substance is regarded as an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active ingredient in pesticides. Nevertheless, it is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates agricultural run-off and can move very freely within the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. For S-metolachlor sulphonic acid (CGA 380168 / CGA 354743), a health-based guideline value of 3.0 µg/l is specified. |
| 52 | S-metolachlor sulphonic acid (NOA 413173) | S-metolachlor sulphonic acid NOA 413173 is a degradation product of the herbicide S-metolachlor. S-metolachlor has been, and continues to be, used in agriculture for weed control, including on maize, beet, sunflowers and other crops. | Across agricultural land. The active substance is broken down in the soil, producing mobile metabolites such as NOA 413173, which can enter the groundwater via seepage water. According to LAWA, the metabolite NOA 413173, derived from metolachlor/S-metolachlor, was detected at around 20 per cent of the groundwater monitoring points investigated. | NOA 413173 is considered an irrelevant metabolite. This means that it is not assessed in the same way as a toxicologically relevant active substance in pesticides. Nevertheless, it is undesirable in drinking water because it indicates agricultural inputs and, as a mobile trace substance, may be present in the water cycle. | Reverse osmosis membrane: effective in reducing many dissolved pesticide metabolites.
Activated carbon: may be effective depending on the substance, the type of activated carbon and the contact time; however, its effectiveness cannot always be reliably predicted for polar metabolites. | | The standard pesticide limit of 0.1 µg/l does not automatically apply to irrelevant metabolites. According to the Lower Saxony state list, the assessment value for S-metolachlor sulphonic acid (NOA 413173) has been raised from 1.0 µg/l to 3.0 µg/l. |
| 53 | Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) | Trifluoroacetic acid, or TFA for short, is a very small, water-soluble and extremely long-lived chemical. It is classified as a highly persistent and highly mobile substance. This means that it is hardly broken down in the environment and moves easily with water through soil, rivers and groundwater. | TFA is formed, amongst other things, as a breakdown product of fluorinated chemicals, such as certain refrigerants, plant protection products, industrial chemicals and other PFAS-like precursors. It can enter the water cycle via the air, rain, surface water, wastewater, agriculture and industry. | TFA is notable not so much for its acute toxicity as for its extreme persistence and mobility. Once it enters the water cycle, it is very difficult to remove. The Federal Environment Agency states that TFA cannot be removed using conventional water treatment methods and that its release into the environment should be avoided wherever possible. | Reverse osmosis membrane: one of the most important household technologies, but TFA is challenging to treat due to its small molecular size and high mobility. Activated carbon: generally not reliable for TFA, as TFA is highly mobile and binds very poorly to activated carbon. | | The Drinking Water Ordinance does not currently specify a standard limit for TFA. However, the Federal Environment Agency has derived a health guideline value of 60 µg/l; this has replaced the previous health reference value of 3 µg/l. |
| 54 | Suproconazole | | | | | | |
| 55 | | | | | | False | |
| 56 | | | | | | False | |
| 57 | | | | | | False | |
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